HTTP 端点
HTTP 端点
Section titled “HTTP 端点”端点 (http.endpoint) 定义执行 Lua 函数的 HTTP 路由处理器。
- name: get_user kind: http.endpoint meta: router: app:api_router method: GET path: /users/{id} func: app.users:get_user| 字段 | 类型 | 必需 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
meta.router | registry.ID | 否 | 父级路由器 (如果仅注册了一个路由器则默认使用该路由器) |
method | string | 是 | HTTP 方法 |
path | string | 是 | URL 路径模式 |
func | registry.ID | 是 | 要执行的函数 |
HTTP 方法
Section titled “HTTP 方法”支持的方法:
| 方法 | 用途 |
|---|---|
GET | 获取资源 |
POST | 创建资源 |
PUT | 替换资源 |
PATCH | 部分更新 |
DELETE | 删除资源 |
HEAD | 仅获取头部 |
OPTIONS | CORS 预检 (自动处理) |
TRACE | 诊断回环 |
使用 {param} 语法定义 URL 参数:
- name: get_user kind: http.endpoint method: GET path: /users/{id} func: get_user
- name: get_user_post kind: http.endpoint method: GET path: /users/{user_id}/posts/{post_id} func: get_user_post在处理器中访问:
local http = require("http")
local function handler() local req = http.request() local user_id = req:param("id") local post_id = req:param("post_id")end使用 {path...} 捕获剩余路径:
- name: file_handler kind: http.endpoint method: GET path: /files/{path...} func: serve_filelocal function handler() local req = http.request() local file_path = req:param("path") -- /files/docs/readme.md -> path = "docs/readme.md"end端点函数从 http 模块获取请求和响应对象:
local http = require("http")local json = require("json")
local function handler() local req = http.request() local res = http.response()
-- 读取请求 local body = req:body() local user_id = req:param("id") local page = req:query("page") local auth = req:header("Authorization")
-- 处理 local user = get_user(user_id)
-- 写入响应 res:set_content_type(http.CONTENT.JSON) res:set_status(http.STATUS.OK) res:write_json(user)end
return { handler = handler }| 方法 | 返回值 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
req:method() | string | HTTP 方法 |
req:path() | string | 请求路径 |
req:param(name) | string | URL 参数 |
req:params() | table | 所有路径参数 |
req:query(name) | string | 查询参数 |
req:query_params() | table | 所有查询参数 |
req:header(name) | string | 请求头 |
req:body() | string | 请求体 |
req:body_json() | table, error | 解析 JSON 请求体 |
req:has_body() | boolean | 检查是否存在请求体 |
req:content_type() | string | 内容类型 |
req:content_length() | number | 请求体大小 (字节) |
req:host() | string | 主机名 |
req:remote_addr() | string | 客户端 IP 地址 |
req:accepts(type) | boolean | 内容协商 |
req:is_content_type(type) | boolean | 检查内容类型 |
req:stream() | Stream | 以流形式读取请求体 (用于大文件) |
req:parse_multipart(max?) | table, error | 解析 multipart 表单 |
| 方法 | 说明 |
|---|---|
res:set_status(code) | 设置 HTTP 状态码 |
res:set_header(name, value) | 设置响应头 |
res:set_content_type(type) | 设置内容类型 |
res:write(data) | 写入原始响应体 |
res:write_json(data) | 写入 JSON 响应 |
res:write_event(data) | 发送 SSE 事件 |
res:set_transfer(encoding) | 设置传输模式 (SSE, chunked) |
res:flush() | 将响应刷新到客户端 |
JSON API 模式
Section titled “JSON API 模式”JSON API 的常见模式:
local http = require("http")
local function handler() local req = http.request() local res = http.response()
local data, err = req:body_json() if err then res:set_status(http.STATUS.BAD_REQUEST) res:write_json({error = "Invalid JSON"}) return end
local result = process(data)
res:set_status(http.STATUS.OK) res:write_json(result)end
return { handler = handler }local http = require("http")
local function api_error(res, status, code, message) res:set_status(status) res:write_json({ error = { code = code, message = message } })end
local function handler() local req = http.request() local res = http.response()
local user_id = req:param("id") local user, err = db.get_user(user_id)
if err then if errors.is(err, errors.NOT_FOUND) then return api_error(res, http.STATUS.NOT_FOUND, "USER_NOT_FOUND", "User not found") end return api_error(res, http.STATUS.INTERNAL_ERROR, "INTERNAL_ERROR", "Server error") end
res:set_status(http.STATUS.OK) res:write_json(user)end
return { handler = handler }CRUD 端点
Section titled “CRUD 端点”entries: - name: users_router kind: http.router prefix: /api/users middleware: - cors - compress
- name: list_users kind: http.endpoint meta: router: users_router method: GET path: / func: app.users:list
- name: get_user kind: http.endpoint meta: router: users_router method: GET path: /{id} func: app.users:get
- name: create_user kind: http.endpoint meta: router: users_router method: POST path: / func: app.users:create
- name: update_user kind: http.endpoint meta: router: users_router method: PUT path: /{id} func: app.users:update
- name: delete_user kind: http.endpoint meta: router: users_router method: DELETE path: /{id} func: app.users:delete- name: admin_endpoint kind: http.endpoint meta: router: admin_router method: POST path: /settings func: app.admin:update_settings post_middleware: - endpoint_firewall post_options: endpoint_firewall.action: "admin"